Are Pink Slips Better than Flu Shots? The Effects of Employment on Influenza Rates

نویسندگان

  • Sara Markowitz
  • Erik Nesson
  • Joshua J. Robinson
چکیده

The seasonal influenza virus afflicts between 5 and 20 percent of the U.S. population each year, imposing significant costs on those who fall ill, their families, employers, and the health care system. The flu is transmitted via droplet spread or close contact, and certain environments, such as schools or offices, promote transmission. In this paper we examine whether increased employment rates are associated with increased incidence of the flu. We use measures of flu prevalence from the Centers for Disease Control and Google Flu Trends. We find that an average monthly increase in the employment rate is associated with about 1.3 additional flu-related doctor visits per 1000 doctor visits for all causes. Moreover, we find that employment in industry sectors with more person-to-person contact drives the aggregate employment

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

Flu Shots, Work Absences and Hospitalizations: Is an Ounce of Prevention Worth a Pound of Cure?

In this study, I evaluate the health and economic consequences of a broad-based flu vaccination program. The Ontario Influenza Immunization Campaign was introduced in 2001, and delivers free flu shots to healthy children and adults. This program is novel and controversial. Traditionally, the flu shot is recommended only for the elderly or infirm and it is assumed that benefits outside these gro...

متن کامل

Giving Needle-Free Flu Vaccines a Shot

A utumn is here: Time to get a flu shot. But that seasonal jab in the arm may someday be history. Some less invasive immunization options are already available, and other developments now in clinical testing could make flu vaccines more effective and convenient. Vaccines for many infectious diseases confer long-term immunity with one shot or a series of injections, but researchers haven’t yet f...

متن کامل

Flu shots in Canada: are they getting to those who need them most?

The Issue Despite increasing awareness about influenza viruses and how quickly they can spread and cause illness, influenza epidemics still place great burdens on society globally in terms of morbidity, mortality and lost productivity each year. Influenza infections are generally not severe for most healthy adults and older children, but for vulnerable populations such as the elderly, young chi...

متن کامل

Launching a community-wide flu vaccination plan.

ost offices are well aware of the hassles involved in administering flu vaccines. By November, the phone lines become jammed with patients asking, “When will it be available?” “How much will it cost?” “Do I need an appointment?” and “Can my sister get one even if she’s not a patient of yours?” Meeting this demand ties up resources and makes it hard to get regular business done. The vaccine shor...

متن کامل

Flu shots--national and provincial/territorial trends.

As well as sub-zero temperatures and snowstorms, flu virurses arrive with the Canadian winter. Healthy people usually recover from the fever, cough, headache and other symptoms in less than a week. But some—especially seniors and those with lung or cardiac conditions—may have more severe cases of the flu and may even need to be hospitalized. Influenza immunization programs were first directed a...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

عنوان ژورنال:

دوره   شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2011